Rapid modification of amphibian behavior by punishment
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Rapid assessments of amphibian diversity
More than 6400 amphibian species are known worldwide, with more than 50 new species being described in just the fi rst half of 2008 (AmphibiaWeb 2008). Many of these species are threatened or declining and more than 150 may have recently become extinct (IUCN 2006). Such rates of species loss are far greater than the historic background extinction rate for amphibians (e.g. McCallum 2007; Roelant...
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OBJECTIVES To examine the relationship of corporal punishment with children's behavior problems while accounting for neighborhood context and while using stronger statistical methods than previous literature in this area, and to examine whether different levels of corporal punishment have different effects in different neighborhood contexts. DESIGN Longitudinal cohort study. SETTING General...
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Human readiness to incur personal costs to punish norm violators is a key force in the maintenance of social norms. The willingness to punish is, however, characterized by vast individual heterogeneity that is poorly understood. In fact, this heterogeneity has so far defied explanations in terms of individual-level demographic or psychological variables. Here, we use resting electroencephalogra...
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Evolutionary theory reveals that punishment is effective in promoting cooperation and maintaining social norms. Although it is accepted that emotions are connected to punishment decisions, there remains substantial debate over why humans use costly punishment. Here we show experimentally that constraints on emotion expression can increase the use of costly punishment. We report data from ultima...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Psychonomic Science
سال: 1971
ISSN: 0033-3131
DOI: 10.3758/bf03331813